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external ventricular drain
An external ventricular drain (EVD), also known as an extraventricular drain or ventriculostomy, is a device used in neurosurgery that relieves elevated intracranial pressure and hydrocephalus when the normal flow of cerebrospinal fluid around the brain is obstructed. This is a plastic tube placed by neurosurgeons (and should never be placed when a neurosurgeon isn't readily available given the need for immediate neurosurgical intervention if an unforeseen extraaxial bleed occurs, or if a major vessel is permeated), and managed by ICU nurses and Critical Care Paramedics to drain fluid from the ventricles of the brain and thus keep them decompressed, as well as to monitor intracranial pressure.
==Kocher's point==
The tube is most frequently placed in Kocher's point with the goal of having the catheter tip in the frontal horn of a lateral ventricle. The catheter is normally inserted on the right side of the brain. An EVD (also called an intraventricular catheter, or IVC) is used to monitor pressure in patients with brain injuries, intracranial bleeds or other brain abnormalities that lead to increased fluid build-up. In draining the ventricle it can also remove blood from the ventricular spaces. This is important because blood is an irritant to brain tissue and can cause complications such as vasospasm.
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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